Mixed Marriages in Indonesia and Citizenship Issues: a Call for Dual Citizenship Reform For Children From Mixed Marriages

  • Setiawati Soesetyo Deutsche Bank Germany
Keywords: Marriage, Mixed Marriages, Citizenship, Dual Citizenship

Abstract

Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage Article 57 defines mixed marriages as marriage between two persons who in Indonesia are subject to different laws, due to differences in citizenship and one of the parties is a foreign national and one of the parties is an Indonesian national. While mixed marriages have occurred widely in Indonesia involving two people of different origins, religious beliefs, or ethics, the issue of citizenship arises when married couples involve two people of different nationalities. Some countries in the world allow instant citizenship by marriage. The State Republic of Indonesia acknowledges single citizenship under Law No. 12 of 2006 concerning Citizenship. The main idea of this journal is to highlight the issues of citizenship of offspring from mixed marriages. While children of mixed marriages may have dual citizenship until the age of 18, what are the implications for their citizenship in the future? In the context of the state, how does the government see this as the nation’s future generation?

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage

Law No. 12 of 2006 concerning Citizenship

Indonesian Constitution UUD RI Tahun 1945 Chapter X - Citizen and Residents; Chapter XA - Human Rights

Antikowati1,MuhammadBahrulUlum2*, Iwan Rachmad Soetijono3, Reyka Widia Nugraha4. “Globalisation and Indonesia’s Demand for Dual Citizenship: Problems and Alternatives.” LEGALITY: JURNAL ILMIAH HUKUM 31, no. 1 (2023): 42–58. https://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/legality/article/view/24683/12189.

Ina Parlina and Fadli. “Dual Citizenship Brings Problems in Society.” The Jakarta Post, 2016. https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/08/18/dual-citizenship-brings-problems-in-society.html.

Machette, Antony T. Cionea, and Ionea A. “In-Laws, Communication, and Other Frustrations: The Challenges of Intercultural Marriages.” Interpersona 17, no. 1 (2023): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.8047.

OCI, Faqs on. “A Multiple Entry, Multi-Purpose Life-Long Visa for Visiting India. Exemption from Registration with Local Police Authority for Any Length of Stay in India.” Consulate General of India San Francisco, California, 2024. https://www.cgisf.gov.in/page/faq-s-on-oci/.

Reuters. “Indonesia May Offer Dual Citizenship to Attract Overseas Workers, Minister Says.” The Jakarta Post, 2024. https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2024/04/30/indonesia-may-offer-dual-citizenship-to-attract-overseas-workers-minister-says.html.

Strangio, Sebastian. “Indonesia Mulling Dual Citizenship In a Bid to Reverse Brain Drain.” THE DIPLOMAT, 2024. https://thediplomat.com/2024/05/indonesia-mulling-dual-citizenship-in-a-bid-to-reverse-brain-drain/#:~:text=Indonesia currently does not recognize,to register their preferred citizenship.

Republic of Indonesia. Indonesian 1945 Constitution (Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945). Available online at: https://www.mkri.id/public/content/infoumum/regulation/pdf/uud45%20eng.pdf

Republic of Indonesia. Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage (Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan). Available online at: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/47406/uu-no-1-tahun-1974

Republic of Indonesia. Law No. 12 of 2006 concerning Citizenship (Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2006 tentang Kewarganegaraan). Available online at: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/40176/uu-no-12-tahun-2006

Republic of Indonesia. Law No. 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration (Undang-Undang Nomor 12 tentang Imigrasi). Available online at: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/39140/uu-no-6-tahun-2011

Perkumpulan Masyarakat Perkawinan Campuran Indonesia.Online address: https://www.percaindonesia.com/

Salim, Andi Agus, Rizaldy Anggriawan, and Mohammad Hazyar Arumbinang. 2022. “Dilemma of Dual Citizenship Issues in Indonesia: A Legal and Political Perspective”. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) 7, No. 1 (2022): 101-154. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v7i1.53503.

Algra, N. (2019). "The Challenges of Mixed Marriages in Indonesia: Legal and Social Perspectives." Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(2), 123-139.

Indonesian Citizenship Law. (2006). Law Number 12 of 2006 on Citizenship. Retrieved from Indonesia Ministry of Law and Human Rights

Idrus, N. I. (2016). Perkawinan Campuran di Indonesia: Perspektif Hukum dan Sosial. Jakarta: Kencana.

Lee, R. S. (2018). "Dual Citizenship for Children of Mixed Marriages: An Urgent Need for Reform in Indonesia." Indonesia Law Review, 10(3), 200-215.

Riswandi, B. (2016). "Legal Framework for Mixed Marriages and Citizenship in Indonesia." Yustisia Journal of Law, 25(1), 75-90.

Setiawan, A. (2020). Citizenship and Mixed Marriages: Comparative Legal Perspectives. Bandung: Refika Aditama.

Suryadinata, L. (2017). "Legal and Social Issues of Mixed Marriages in Indonesia." Southeast Asian Studies, 55(4), 567-580.

Tarantang, Jefry, Annisa Awwaliyah, Maulidia Astuti, and Meidinah Munawaroh. “Perkembangan Sistem Pembayaran Digital Pada Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Al-Qardh 4, no. 1 (2019): 60–75. https://doi.org/10.23971/jaq.v4i1.1442.

Tarantang, Jefry, Rahmad Kurniawan, and Gusti Muhammad Ferry Firdaus. “Electronic Money Sebagai Alat Transaksi Dalam Perspektif Islam.” An-Nisbah: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah 07, no. April (2020): 1–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21274/an.2020.7.1.1%20-%2021.

Tarantang, Jefry, Ibnu Elmi A.S. Pelu, Wahyu Akbar, Rahmad Kurniawan, and Aldina Sri Wahyuni. “PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP NASABAH BANK DALAM TRANSAKSI DIGITAL.” Morality: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 9, no. 10 (2023): 15–25. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.52947/morality.v9i1.321.

Tarantang, Jefry, Syawaliah, Ni Nyoman Adi Astiti, and Dekie G.G. Kasenda. “PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM NASABAH DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN LAYANAN PERBANKAN DIGITAL.” BelomBahadat : Jurnal Hukum Agama Hindu 13, no. 1 (2023): 9–25.

Widyastuti, S. (2015). "The Impact of Mixed Marriages on Children's Citizenship Status in Indonesia." Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 3(2), 99-112.

Yulia, R. (2019). Children's Rights in Mixed Marriages: The Case for Dual Citizenship in Indonesia. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.

Published
2024-05-29
How to Cite
Soesetyo, S. (2024). Mixed Marriages in Indonesia and Citizenship Issues: a Call for Dual Citizenship Reform For Children From Mixed Marriages. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Tambun Bungai, 9(1), 462-471. https://doi.org/10.61394/jihtb.v9i1.348
Section
Articles