Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Tambun Bungai

Legal Awareness of Marital Rape A Comparison of Perspectives in Urban and Rural Areas

2026-01-06T13:05:21+07:00

Abstract: This research discusses the critical issue of marital rape in Indonesia, a form of sexual violence within households that persists despite being criminalised by the Domestic Violence Law (UU PKDRT) and the Sexual Violence Crimes Law (UU TPKS). The rising number of case reports indicates a gap between legal provisions and public perception, which is still influenced by social, cultural, and religious values. This study, which is, examines public legal awareness and the role of these values in viewing the criminalisation of marital rape, using a comparative approach between urban and rural areas. Using a juridical-empirical method, data was collected through questionnaires from 49 respondents in the city of Palangka Raya and several surrounding villages, then analysed using the approaches of legal positivism, legal realism, and natural law theory. The findings reveal a significant gap between the recognition of the term 'marital rape' and the understanding of its substantive legal aspects, particularly in rural areas. A strong patriarchal mindset was evident, with the majority of respondents rejecting bodily autonomy within marriage. Social values (57.1%) were identified as the primary influencing factor, surpassing religion (37.7%) and culture (6.1%). This study concludes that the mere presence of law is insufficient; a holistic approach that integrates massive education and cultural reconstruction is essential to align societal values with legal norms and ensure effective protection for victims.

Keywords: Rape, Marriage, Criminalisation, Legal Awareness

Abstrak

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai isu kritis marital rape di Indonesia, yaitu bentuk kekerasan seksual dalam rumah tangga yang masih berlangsung meski telah dikriminalisasi oleh UU PKDRT dan UU TPKS. Meningkatnya laporan kasus menunjukkan kesenjangan antara ketentuan hukum dengan persepsi masyarakat yang masih dipengaruhi oleh nilai sosial, budaya dan agama. Studi ini menganalisis kesadaran hukum masyarakat dan peran nilai-nilai tersebut dalam memandang kriminalisasi marital rape secara komparatif di wilayah perkotaan dan pedesaan. Dengan metode yuridis-empiris, data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terhadap 49 responden di wilayah Kota Palangka Raya dan beberapa desa disekitarnya, lalu dianalisis dengan pendekatan teori positivisme hukum, realisme hukum, dan hukum alam. Temuan mengungkapkan kesenjangan besar antara pengenalan istilah marital rape dengan pehaman hukum substantif, khususnya di daerah pedesaan. Pola pikir patriarki yang kuat terlihat dari mayoritas responden yang menolak otonomi tubuh dalam perkawinan. Nilai sosial (57,1%) terindentifikasi sebagai faktor pengaruh utama, mengungguli agama (37,7%) dan budaya (6,1%). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa kehadiran hukum tidak cukup; diperlukan pendekatan holistik yang mengintegrasikan edukasi masif dan rekonstruksi budaya sangat penting untuk menyelaraskan nilai masyarakat dengan norma hukum dan menjamin perlindungan yang efektif bagi korban.

Kata Kunci : Pemerkosaan, Perkawinan, Kriminalisasi, Kesadaran Hukum

The Role of Husbands in Fostering Harmony in Their Households with Career Wives

2026-01-06T12:50:01+07:00

Indonesia's social and economic developments over the past four years have shown significant dynamics in gender relations within the family. The increasing number of career women participating in public and private sectors requires a paradigm shift in the husband's role from an authoritative figure to an equal partner in domestic life. This shift has given rise to the notion of husbands who actively participate in childcare, household responsibilities, and professional support for their wives. This study analyzes the role of husbands in maintaining harmonious family relationships with career women from a Human Rights (HAM) perspective, emphasizing the principles of equality, dignity, and shared responsibility. This research employs a qualitative socio-legal method combined with normative analysis. Data were drawn from observations of everyday family interactions among civil servants and young professional households, as well as an examination of national and international human rights instruments, including the ICCPR, CEDAW, and Law No. 39 of 1999. These observations highlight concrete forms of gender equality for example, shared decision making, division of domestic labor, and emotional support that reduces work family conflict. The findings show that the husband's active involvement not only strengthens gender equality and minimizes domestic tension but also reflects the practical implementation of non-discrimination and equal partnership within family life. Thus, the role of the husband becomes a tangible manifestation of human rights values in the domestic sphere, positioning the family as the primary setting for cultivating justice, equality, and respect for human dignity.

Designing a Fatwa on Carbon Trading in Indonesia Based on Maqashid al-Shari'ah

2026-01-06T12:57:07+07:00

Carbon trading as an instrument for climate change mitigation has been regulated through national policies and international frameworks (the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the 2015 Paris Agreement, and Presidential Decree No. 98 of 2021), but to date there are no official Islamic jurisprudence guidelines guiding Islamic economic actors in carbon transactions. The absence of a fatwa from the National Sharia Council (DSN-MUI) has created legal uncertainty, with concerns about usury, gharar, and speculation, leading to the underutilization of the potential of Islamic green financing. This article aims to formulate a framework for carbon trading fatwas that aligns with the objectives of the maqashid al-shari'ah (environmental preservation), 'adl (justice), and the prohibition of gharar/usury. The method used is a juridical-normative approach with a literature review of conventional regulations, mu'amalah fiqh fatwas, and classical (al-Shatibi) and contemporary (Yusuf al-Qardhawi, Ali Yafie) thought. The results of this research are a draft fatwa framework governing the contract scheme, Measurement-Reporting-Verification mechanisms, and the roles of regulators and business actors in Sharia-compliant carbon trading. This framework is expected to serve as a reference for the National Sharia Council (DSN-MUI) and policymakers to strengthen legal certainty and encourage green investment in the Islamic economy. Implications of the research include recommendations for fatwa implementation, the development of Sharia-compliant carbon market instruments, and directions for future empirical research.

Legal Protection for Persons with Disabilities in Palangka Raya

2026-01-06T13:24:27+07:00

The background of this thesis is the implementation of the right to accessibility for public facilities in Palangka Raya City based on Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. This study uses a qualitative approach involving primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected through interviews with relevant parties, such as persons with disabilities and local governments. Secondary data was obtained through document and literature studies. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the right to accessibility for public facilities in Palangka Raya City still faces several obstacles. One significant obstacle is the lack of public awareness and understanding of the importance of accessibility for persons with disabilities. This has resulted in a lack of attention in the planning and construction of disability-friendly public facilities. In order to improve the implementation of the fulfillment of the right to accessibility in public facilities, several recommendations are proposed. First, the Palangka Raya City government needs to increase public awareness through more intensive educational campaigns. Second, adequate budget allocation must be prioritized for the construction and maintenance of accessibility facilities. Third, clear regulations and strict law enforcement must be consistently applied. Fourth, the active involvement of persons with disabilities in planning and evaluation is a crucial step to ensure better fulfillment of the right to accessibility. With better implementation and support from the government and the community, it is hoped that the fulfillment of the right to accessibility in public facilities in Palangka Raya City will improve, creating an inclusive environment, and providing equal opportunities for persons with disabilities.

Legal Protection For Consumers Using Buy Now Pay Later Applications

2026-01-06T13:35:07+07:00

Perkembangan teknologi finansial telah melahirkan berbagai inovasi layanan keuangan digital, salah satunya adalah aplikasi Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) yang memungkinkan konsumen membeli barang atau jasa dengan pembayaran tertunda. Meskipun menawarkan kemudahan, penggunaan BNPL juga berpotensi menimbulkan risiko bagi konsumen, seperti bunga tersembunyi, denda keterlambatan, dan penyalahgunaan data pribadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk perlindungan hukum yang tersedia bagi konsumen pengguna BNPL, serta mengevaluasi efektivitas regulasi yang mengatur layanan tersebut di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan hukum normatif dengan memanfaatkan kerangka regulasi dan kajian pustaka. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan konsumen dalam layanan BNPL belum sepenuhnya optimal karena belum adanya regulasi khusus yang mengatur skema BNPL. Namun, perlindungan sementara dapat ditemukan dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, serta regulasi dari Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dan Bank Indonesia. Konsumen dilindungi dalam hal hak atas informasi, data pribadi, dan penyelesaian sengketa. Disarankan agar pemerintah memperkuat regulasi, penyedia BNPL bersikap transparan dan akuntabel, serta konsumen lebih berhati-hati dalam menggunakan layanan.

Religious Moderation from a Legal Perspective in Indonesia to Prevent the Infiltration of Radicalism and Extremism in Higher Education Institutions

2026-01-06T13:15:55+07:00

To build a strong character within Indonesian society, particularly in the higher education environment, through the implementation of religious moderation today, it requires the involvement and collective commitment of the entire academic community, including lecturers, students, and educational staff. The implementation of religious moderation has a strong legal foundation, as it aims to prevent the spread of radicalism and extremism ideologies that are contrary to Indonesian laws and regulations, such as Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Criminal Acts of Terrorism, as well as other legal provisions that prohibit actions threatening national security and the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). This effort is carried out through the strengthening of national commitment based on the four national pillars: Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, all of which possess legal legitimacy as the foundation of national and state life. Secondly, the strengthening of attitudes of tolerance and respect for differences is pursued in accordance with the principles of human rights law guaranteed by the constitution, particularly Articles 28E and 28I of the 1945 Constitution. Thirdly, fostering a way of religious practice that respects the traditions and local cultures of Indonesia’s diverse society also reflects the protection of cultural rights within the framework of national law. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a literature study approach, which enables the exploration of various legal instruments and government policies related to religious moderation in the higher education environment